Data and Information
Data:
Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts or instructions in a formalized manner which should be suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing by human or electronic machine.
The numbers, words, images and symbols which do not bear a meaning, when standing alone are called data.
e.g: Marks of the students
Daily temperature measurement
Rainfall measurement
Height of the people
Weight of things
Information
Information is organized or classified data which has some meaningful values for the receiver.
Information is the processed data on which decisions and actions are based.
Quality of Information
- Completeness - Information should be complete.
- Accuracy - Information should be accurate.
- Relevancy – Information must meet the requirements of the consumer group.
- Cost effectiveness - Relationship between monetary inputs and the desired outcome
- Timely - Information should be available when required.
e.g: Average rainfall in Jaffna
Total marks of all subjects
Rank of Janagi
Information System
A system is a combination of components that work together to fulfill a task.
Computer is an ‘Information System’ as it usually processes the data that we input, according to the commands and provide us with the required information in the desired form.
| Systems | Data | Processing | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATM | ATM card and keyboard | Bank processing system | Account balance |
| Finger print reader | Finger prints | Scanning finger prints | Time of arrival, Time of departure |
| QR code | Photo of QR code | Decoding | Connecting to the website |
