Grade - 12 GIT Syllabus

General Information Technology (A/L)
The syllabus given here is based on competency levels.

Unit 1 : The computer and its components
(Explores the computer and its potential to reap timely benefits)

  1. The computer system (using a block diagram)
    • System concept
    • Introduction to computer
    • Components of a computer
    • Hardware
      • Input / Output devices
      • Memory devices
      • Storage devices (Optical, Magnetic, Semiconductor)
      • Processor
    • Software
      • System software (OS, Utilities)
      • Application software
    • Block diagram of a computer
      • Input
      • Processing unit (ALU, CU)
      • Output
      • Memory / Storage
      • Flow of data and control instructions among components
    • Data and information
    • Attributes of quality information
  2. The specification of personal computers
    • Hardware specifications of personal computers
      • Processor
      • Memory
      • Hard Disk
      • Motherboard
      • Ports
      • Chip set
      • Display
      • Graphics Processing Unit (GPU)
    • Software specifications for a PC
      • Operating System
      • Application Software
      • Utility Software

Unit 2 : Representation of data
(Explores the representation of data inside a computer)

  1. Data representation used in computers and related fundamental concepts
    • Number systems
      • Decimal
      • Binary
      • Hexadecimal
    • Relevant methods of conversion (Positive integers only)
      • Decimal to Binary
      • Binary to Decimal
  2. Basic Boolean Operators
    • Basic Boolean Operators
      • AND
      • OR
      • NOT
  3. Character representations and their usage
    • Encoding systems used in computers
      • ASCII
      • UNICODE

Unit 3 : Operating System
(Uses computers efficiently and effectively with awareness of operating system)

  1. The contribution of OS to the functioning of computer
    • Introduction to operating system
    • Basic functions of an OS
  2. Functions of operating systems
    • Managing Folders and Files (creating, naming, renaming, deleting, copying and moving)
    • File names and extensions
    • Making changes in setting Panel
      • Backup
      • Fonts
      • Mouse Settings
      • Date and Time, Regional and Language Settings
      • Add Remove Programs
      • User Accounts
    • Tools in OS
      • Character Map
      • Disk optimization
      • Disk Checking
      • Disk Cleaning

Unit 4 : Application software
(Uses Application software in day to day activities)

  1. Word processing software
    • Introduction to word processing software
    • Features of word processing software
    • GUI components in word processing software
      • Title Bar
      • Formatting Tools
      • Editing Tools
      • Page Setup Tools
      • View Tools
      • Designing Tools
      • Scroll bars
      • Editing Area
      • Insertion Point, Cursor
      • Status Bar
    • Creating a new document
      • Page layout and page borders
      • Header, footer and page numbers
      • Typing text, formatting text
    • Editing a document
      • Find and replace
      • Grammar and spell checker
      • Cut / Copy / Paste
    • Inserting objects and usage of relevant editing tools
      • Pictures/charts/shapes/clip art /word art /text box etc.
    • Inserting equations, symbols, links, breaks, date and time
    • Short cut keys
      • open/new/save/select all/cut /copy/paste/undo/redo/print
    • Creating and formatting tables
      • Methods of creating a table
      • Selecting rows and columns with mouse /insert table/draw table
      • Insert and delete rows and columns
      • Merge and split cells
      • Change row height/column width
      • Table borders
      • Styles
    • Formatting paragraphs
    • Saving documents in different formats
    • Printing documents
      • Print preview
      • Print setup
      • Printer properties
      • Print
  2. Spreadsheet software to solve simple mathematical problems
    • Introduction to spreadsheet software
    • GUI of spreadsheet software
      • Work Book
      • Work Sheet
      • Columns
      • Rows
      • Cells
      • Formula bar
      • Function of cell pointer based on its appearance
    • Moving around the worksheet
    • Types of Data Entries in a cell
      • Text
      • Numbers
      • Formula
    • Formatting cells
      • Number
      • Alignment
      • Font
    • Inserting rows and columns
    • Deleting cells, rows and columns
    • Worksheet
      • Rename
      • Insert
      • Delete
    • Naming and selecting cell ranges
    • Copying and moving cell contents
      • Cut /copy/paste/paste special
    • Simple calculations
      • Arithmetic operations with basic operators ( + , - , * , / )
      • Calculations using cell references and operators
        • Relative cell references
        • Absolute cell references
    • Inbuilt functions
      • Sum, average, max, min, count and rank
    • Types of charts
      • Column, Bar, Line and Pie
    • Chart tools
      • Design, layout and format
    • Data filtering
    • Data sorting
    • Printing worksheets
      • Page setup
        • Page options
        • Margin options
        • Sheet options
      • Print preview
      • Print
  3. Electronic presentation software
    • Introduction to electronic presentation
    • Attributes of an effective presentation
    • Features of presentation software
    • Usage of presentation software
    • Selecting slide layout
    • Selecting background
    • Inserting text and multimedia contents
    • Applying slide transition and animation
    • Short cut keys specific to the presentation
    • Saving a presentation in different formats
    • Printing slides with different options
  4. Database Management System (DBMS) Software
    • Introduction to database
    • Comparison of manual database and automated database
    • Introduction to DBMS software
    • Objects of DBMS software
      • Table
      • Query
      • Form
      • Report
    • Field names
    • Primary key and foreign key
    • Data types
      • Text
      • Number
      • Date / Time
      • Currency
      • Yes / No
    • Field properties
      • Field size
      • Format
    • Designing queries
      • Filter fields
      • Filter records
    • Sort records
    • Form wizard
    • Report wizard

Unit 5 : Multimedia Contents
(Creates Multimedia contents to express ideas effectively)

  1. Designs still graphics using a graphic software
    • Types of graphics
      • Raster
      • Vector
    • Properties of a digital image: pixel, resolution, size, color
    • Graphic file formats and their features
      • Jpg, png,gif, bmp etc
    • Image capacity and compression: lossy formats and lossless formats
    • Basic operations of a graphic software
      • Open, save and edit
      • Importing images
      • Sizing and transformation
      • Selections, cut, crop, replace
      • Working with layers
      • Working with Text
  2. Edits audio contents using an audio editing software
    • Recording audio contents
    • Editing (editing a relevant segment from original content)
    • Audio file formats
      • Mp3, wav, au etc
  3. Edits videos using an video editing software
    • Manipulating and rearranging video
    • Video file formats
      • Mp4, avi, wmv etc

Unit 6 : Internet
(Uses the Internet efficiently and effectively to access and communicate information in day-today life)

  1. Architecture of the Internet
    • Purpose of computer network
      • Data communication
      • Sharing resources
    • Network types
      • PAN (Personal Area Network)
      • LAN (Local Area Network)
      • WAN (Wide Area Network)
    • Communication devices of a network
      • Modem
      • Router
      • Network Interface Card(NIC)
      • Switch
      • Wireless Base Station
      • Mobile communication GPRS, GSM etc
    • Connectivity types
      • Guided
      • Unguided
    • Wired and wireless networks
    • Client server model
    • Peer to peer
    • Hybrid
  2. Uses the internet services to access relevant information
    • Uniform resource locator (URL) / Uniform resource identifier(URI)
    • Web browsers and search engines
    • Internet services
      • WWW
        • Information sharing and electronic transactions
      • Email
      • Social Media
        • internet based text and video based communication (Internet relay chat (IRC) / SMS / video calls etc)
        • Blogging and micro blogging
      • Cloud Computing
      • Cloud based services
    • Internet of Things(IoT)
      • Definition
      • Characteristics
      • Needs
      • Applications
      • Enabling Technologies

Unit 7 : Websites Development
(Develops websites incorporating multimedia components)

  1. Explores the arrangement and the composition of websites to organize pages and contents
    • Contents of a website
      • Home page
      • Link page
    • Building blocks of a web page
      • Text, graphics, audio, video, animation
      • Hyperlink
    • Organization of contents
      • Layout, frames, lists, tables
  2. User requirements (multimedia contents) for web pages
    • Defining the objectives of a website
    • Contents to be displayed
  3. Uses HTML to create web pages
    • Introduction to Hyper Text Markup Language
    • Basic HTML tags of a web page
      • Page definition
        • <html>, </html>
      • Head section,
        • <head></head>
        • <title></title>
      • Body section
        • <body></body>
      • Background color
      • Text formatting
        • <h1>…<h6>tags
        • <p></p>
        • <br/>
        • Underline, bold, italic
        • <font:></font>
          • Size and color
      • Adding comments
      • Lists
        • Ordered lists
        • Unordered lists
      • Multimedia objects
        • Image
        • Audio
        • Video
  4. Uses authoring tool to create web pages
    • Introduction to web authoring tools

Unit 8 : Application of ICT
(Uses ICT efficiently and effectively to be successful in life)

  1. Application of ICT
    (Explains the contribution of ICT towards national development)
    • Education
      • Learning / Teaching Process
      • Learning Management System
      • School Management System
    • Health
      • Investigation tools such as MRI scan, CAT scan etc
      • Simulations in medical education
      • Tele-medicine
    • Agriculture
      • Linking rural agricultural communities
      • Communicating with the administration
      • Meteorological Information
      • Computer controlled devices
    • E- Business
      • Travel
      • Online shopping
      • Bank (ATM, Credit Card)
      • On-line Employment
    • E – Governance
      • Issuing of identity cards, driving licence and passports
      • Issuing birth, marriage, death certificates
  2. Seeks ICT career opportunities and paths to suit one’s life
    • Career opportunities related to ICT profession
      • Software Engineer
      • Software Quality Assurance Engineer
      • Business Analyst
      • IT Project Manager
      • Graphic Designer
      • Software Architect
      • Quality Assurance Leader
      • Technical Leader
      • Network Administrator
      • Database Administrator
      • Computer Application Assistant
      • IT Manager etc
  3. Makes safe use of ICT with awareness on relevant issues
    • Ethical and legal Issues
      • Cyber crime
      • Privacy
      • Piracy
      • E- Laws
      • Sri Lanka Computer Emergency Readiness Team (SLCERT)
      • Unauthorised access
      • Ethical behaviour on cyberspace
        • Cyber stalking
        • Intellectual property (patent, copy right)
        • Plagiarism
        • Blackmail
    • Ethical and legal issues in social media
      • Inappropriate materials
    • Security
      • Hardware protection
        • Physical protection
          • UPS
          • Surge arresters
        • Environmental protection
          • Dust, Humidity, Sunlight, Heat
          • Protection from natural disasters
      • Software protection
        • Anti threat software
        • Firewall
    • Precautions in using internet
    • Health & Safety
      • Repetitive Strain Injury (RSI)
      • E-Waste and green computing


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